MUDr. David Skoumal \u2013\u00a0 ASTD Training Director<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Kmen Strunatci<\/strong> (Chordata)\u00a0\u00a0 T\u0159\u00edda Ryby<\/strong>( Osteichthyes)<\/p>\n Z\u00a0velk\u00e9ho v\u00fd\u010dtu jedovat\u00fdch ryb se omez\u00edm pouze na p\u00e1r, kter\u00e9 jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 a zn\u00e1m\u00e9 a kontakt s\u00a0nimi je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00fd. Jedov\u00fd apar\u00e1t je um\u00edst\u011bn v\u00a0prvn\u00edch ostnech h\u0159betn\u00ed ploutve, takt\u00e9\u017e v\u00a0ploutv\u00edch sk\u0159elov\u00fdch, \u0159itn\u00edch. U ocasn\u00edch trn\u016f nebyl prok\u00e1z\u00e1n- zde je nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pouze mechanick\u00e9ho poran\u011bn\u00ed- Bodlok-Acanthurus<\/em>– zvan\u00fd chirurgick\u00e1 ryba m\u00e1 tento skalpel schovan\u00fd a t\u00edm je pro neznal\u00e9 nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd . P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed jej vymr\u0161t\u00ed kolmo k\u00a0ocasu- je velmi ostr\u00fd a m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit velk\u00e9 \u0159ezn\u00e9 r\u00e1ny (Vid\u011bno na vlastn\u00ed o\u010di, zdokumentov\u00e1no na videu). Jin\u00e9 typy bodlok\u016f (Naso lituratus \u2013 Bodlok bezroh\u00fd)<\/em> maj\u00ed dob\u0159e viditeln\u00e9 ostny v\u00a0p\u00e1ru po obou stran\u00e1ch ko\u0159ene ocasn\u00ed ploutve.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ropu\u0161nice- Scorpaena scrofa<\/em> \u2013 velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 v\u0161ude, m\u00e1 chutn\u00e9 maso. Ob\u00fdv\u00e1 skalnat\u00e9 dno a m\u00e1 mimikry- zm\u011bna zbarven\u00ed povrchu podle ter\u00e9nu. Je ne\u00fato\u010dn\u00e1- poran\u011bn\u00ed necht\u011bn\u00fdm kontaktem.<\/p>\n Velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm druhem je Perut\u00fdn Pterois volitans<\/em> s\u00a0jedovat\u00fdmi h\u0159betn\u00edmi,prsn\u00edmi a \u0159itn\u00edmi ploutvemi.Ne\u00fato\u010dn\u00fd. Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed je hlavn\u011b v\u00a0noci\u00a0 pro koupaj\u00edc\u00ed se plavce, proto\u017ee perut\u00fdni vyplouvaj\u00ed k\u00a0hladin\u011b.<\/p>\n L\u00e9\u010dba<\/u>– stejn\u00e1 jako obvykle \u2013vypl\u00e1chnut\u00ed r\u00e1ny a aplikace hork\u00e9 vody<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n Bradavi\u010dnatci- Synaceja horrida-<\/em> Stone fish kamenn\u00e1 ryba- ob\u00fdv\u00e1 dno mezi kameny, kdy vypad\u00e1 podobn\u011b. Jedov\u00fd apar\u00e1t je v\u00a0kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch h\u0159betn\u00edch ostnech. Ne\u00fato\u010dn\u00e1. Toxin je velmi prudk\u00fd, jsou popisov\u00e1ny smrteln\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n L\u00e9\u010dba<\/u> je stejn\u00e1 jako u p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00fdch, aplikace antidota pokud je k dispozici<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ostnatci- Trachinus draco, araneus , vipera<\/em>\u00a0 Ryby b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 ve St\u0159edozemn\u00edm mo\u0159i. Nemaj\u00ed vzduchov\u00e9 m\u011bchy a proto nerady plavou, nej\u010dast\u011bji se zavrt\u00e1vaj\u00ed do p\u00edsku. Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve \u0161l\u00e1pnut\u00ed na rybu. M\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed zku\u0161enost v\u0161ak hovo\u0159\u00ed i o agresivit\u011b u druhu araneus, kter\u00fd na m\u011b za\u00fato\u010dil a bodl opakovan\u011b do obli\u010deje a nohy. N\u00e1sledky jsou dosud.<\/p>\n Zran\u011bn\u00ed je prov\u00e1zeno velkou lok\u00e1ln\u00ed bolest\u00ed a rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edm se mas\u00edvn\u00edm otokem, obrnou kon\u010detin. N\u00e1sleduj\u00ed celkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky- hore\u010dka, zvracen\u00ed,poruchy srde\u010dn\u00edho rytmu.(Vlastn\u00ed zku\u0161enost). Ojedin\u011ble pops\u00e1na obrna d\u00fdchac\u00edch sval\u016f a smrt.<\/p>\n L\u00e9\u010dba<\/u>:\u00a0 vypl\u00e1chnut\u00ed r\u00e1ny, okam\u017eit\u00e1 aplikace TEPLA \u2013 nad 50st Celsia. Toxin je termolabiln\u00ed protein, kter\u00fd se teplem rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 a t\u00edm je ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd.Lok\u00e1ln\u00ed zdroj tepla- cigareta,doutn\u00edk. Pou\u017eit\u00ed hork\u00e9 vody je problemati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Z\u00a0l\u00e9k\u016f velk\u00e9 d\u00e1vky antihistaminik,kortikoid\u016f.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Z\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch, ale ne jedovat\u00fdch ryb, bych vzpomenul Ostence (Balistes) \u2013 Trigger fish<\/em> , kter\u00fd v\u00a0dob\u011b kladen\u00ed jiker je velmi \u00fato\u010dn\u00fd a pron\u00e1sleduje pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost. \u00dato\u010d\u00ed tak, \u017ee prudce naj\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed sv\u00fdmi tvrd\u00fdmi pysky a zp\u016fsobuje nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 pohmo\u017ed\u011bniny.<\/p>\n Bodloci- chirurgick\u00e9 ryby ji\u017e byly uvedeny d\u0159\u00edve.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u010cele\u010f: Vodn\u00e1\u0159ovit\u00ed (Hydrophiidae<\/strong>) Mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed hadi- v\u0161echny druhy jsou jedovat\u00e9. \u00dadaje o agresivit\u011b se rozch\u00e1zej\u00ed, faktem je, \u017ee jejich zuby a tlama jsou velmi mal\u00e9 a tud\u00ed\u017e riziko u\u0161tknut\u00ed se zmen\u0161\u00ed pouze na kousnut\u00ed do z\u00e1hybu k\u016f\u017ee-nap\u0159.mezi palec a ukazov\u00e1\u010dek na ruce..<\/p>\n Toxiny jsou neurotoxick\u00e9 a myotoxick\u00e9-zp\u016fsobuji rozpad sval\u016f, d\u00e1le obrnu,z\u00e1stavu dechu,srde\u010dn\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed,ledvinn\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed.. .Antidota jsou,ale t\u011b\u017eko se vyj\u00e1d\u0159it k\u00a0dostupnosti,jinak je l\u00e9\u010dba pouze symptomatick\u00e1.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Otrava mo\u0159sk\u00fdmi rybami- po poz\u0159en\u00ed kontaminovan\u00e9ho ryb\u00edho masa. Ze v\u0161ech druh\u016f je nejzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00ed-\u00a0 CIGUATEROV\u00dd\u00a0 TYP- \u010detn\u00fd v\u00a0karibsk\u00e9 oblasti. Jm\u00e9no je odvozeno od CIGUA- domorod\u00e9ho n\u00e1zvu karibsk\u00e9ho ml\u017ee Livona pica a proslaven byl konzumac\u00ed masa z\u00a0barakud.P\u016fvod nen\u00ed zcela jasn\u00fd. P\u0159\u00edznaky jsou akutn\u00ed- do 30 hodin-hore\u010dka,k\u0159e\u010de b\u0159icha,zvracen\u00ed,pr\u016fjmy,pocit chladu, studen\u00fd pot,bolesti sval\u016f,nekordinovan\u00e9 pohyby.<\/p>\n Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je p\u0159\u00edznak opa\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010dit\u00ed- tepl\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1me jako studen\u00e9 a naopak.. K\u0159e\u010de, obrna obli\u010dejov\u00fdch sval\u016f a do 3% \u00famrtnost na z\u00e1stavu dechu.<\/p>\n L\u00e9\u010dba pouze symptomatick\u00e1. Popisov\u00e1ny i zn\u00e1mky chronick\u00e9 otravy-vypad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zub\u016f, vlas\u016f, nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed posti\u017een\u00ed CNS-centr.nerv.syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Antihistaminika celkov\u00e1- Dithiaden \u010di z\u00a0nov\u00fdch Zyrtec,Claritine,Aerius,Xyzal aj.<\/p>\n Kortikoidy- rychle p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed nap\u0159. Hydrocortison, Solu-Medrol \u2026<\/p>\n P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed produkty- \u010cajovn\u00edkov\u00fd olej- Tea Tree oil- jak\u00fdkoliv, Vinn\u00fd ocet<\/p>\n \u010cist\u00fd l\u00edh 60% \u2013 Spir. Vini dilutus<\/p>\n Ostatn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010diva dle p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Na z\u00e1v\u011br bych cht\u011bl v\u0161em doporu\u010dit, a\u0165 nesahaj\u00ed na nic, co p\u0159ed nimi m\u016f\u017ee ut\u00e9ct a neute\u010de.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n [av_gallery ids=’4689,4690,4691,4692,4693,4694,4695,4696′ style=’thumbnails‘ preview_size=’portfolio‘ crop_big_preview_thumbnail=’avia-gallery-big-crop-thumb‘ thumb_size=’square‘ columns=’4′ imagelink=’lightbox‘ lazyload=’avia_lazyload‘]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" MUDr. David Skoumal \u2013\u00a0 ASTD Training Director Kmen Strunatci (Chordata)\u00a0\u00a0 T\u0159\u00edda Ryby( Osteichthyes) Z\u00a0velk\u00e9ho v\u00fd\u010dtu jedovat\u00fdch ryb se omez\u00edm pouze na p\u00e1r, kter\u00e9 jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 a zn\u00e1m\u00e9 a kontakt s\u00a0nimi je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00fd. Jedov\u00fd apar\u00e1t je um\u00edst\u011bn v\u00a0prvn\u00edch ostnech h\u0159betn\u00ed ploutve, takt\u00e9\u017e v\u00a0ploutv\u00edch sk\u0159elov\u00fdch, \u0159itn\u00edch. U ocasn\u00edch trn\u016f nebyl prok\u00e1z\u00e1n- zde je nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pouze mechanick\u00e9ho […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4686,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-prakticke"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4685"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4685\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4686"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Doporu\u010den\u00e9 l\u00e9ky \u2013 uvedeny i pro zdravotn\u00edky , pro kter\u00e9 budou dostupn\u00e9<\/h3>\n
Antihistaminika lok\u00e1ln\u00ed- Fenistil gel<\/h4>\n