MUDr. David Skoumal \u2013\u00a0 ASTD Training Director<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Sheck Irby Exley
\nNarozen 1. 4. 1949 \u2013 Zahynul 6. 4. 1994 v Zacatonu (Mexiko).<\/p>\n
„V Xanadu si Kublaj Ch\u00e1n klenut\u00fd pal\u00e1c usmyslel.\u00a0Kde Alf, tok \u0159eky posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 p\u0159es jeskynn\u00ed pr\u016frvy\u00a0z\u00e1vratn\u00e9 k temn\u00e9mu mo\u0159i sp\u011bl“.<\/p>\n
Touto citac\u00ed Samuela Taylora Coleridge za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 kultovn\u00ed kniha Shecka Exleyho \u201e Caverns Measureless to Man\u201c p\u0159ibli\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed cestu tohoto vyj\u00edme\u010dn\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0histori\u00ed floridsk\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, jak ji s\u00e1m pro\u017eil. Ver\u0161 byl pou\u017eit i v\u00a0nov\u00e9m filmu Sanctum z\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed zatopen\u00e9 jeskyn\u011b.<\/p>\n
Jak napsat \u010dl\u00e1nek o \u010dlov\u011bku, o kter\u00e9m se d\u00e1 napsat kniha a po\u0159\u00e1d to nebude sta\u010dit k\u00a0tomu, aby obsahovala v\u0161e, co tento EXPLORER PAR EXCELLENCE p\u0159inesl jeskynn\u00edmu pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. To,co znamenal Jochen Hasenmayer v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, to sam\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci o Sheckovi v\u00a0Americe. Sheck ovlivnil mnoho jeskynn\u00edch pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f sv\u00e9 doby, st\u00e1l v\u017edy na \u0161pici pokroku a mnoho z\u00a0toho, co znal nau\u010dil jin\u00e9.<\/p>\n
O jeho \u00fasp\u011b\u0161\u00edch jsme se dov\u00eddali sporadicky, n\u011bco m\u00e1lo od Tom\u00e1\u0161e Pi\u0161kuly (p\u0159edsedy speleopot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00e9 komise \u010cesk\u00e9 speleologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti), kter\u00fd do \u010desk\u00e9 speleologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti p\u0159inesl prvn\u00ed koncepci jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed od Toma Mounta z\u00a0Floridy. P\u00e1r sporadick\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f o n\u011bm vy\u0161lo ve Vodn\u00ed revui (Svazarmovsk\u00e9m \u010dasopisu o pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed). Kdy\u017e jsme suportovali hloubkov\u00fd sestup Michaela Pauwelse do 155m na Hranick\u00e9 propasti 25. 7. 1993, kter\u00fd trval 12 hodin, padlo i Sheckovo jm\u00e9no v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0jeho \u00fasp\u011bchy. O to hor\u0161\u00ed byla zpr\u00e1va o jeho \u00famrt\u00ed o necel\u00fd rok pozd\u011bji. O t\u00e9to tragick\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti se op\u011bt diskutovalo na v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm f\u00f3ru p\u0159i sestupech robota ROV Hyball dne 18.9.1995 do Hranick\u00e9 propasti. Uplynulo mnoho let a j\u00e1 si jeho odkaz neust\u00e1le p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1m, a proto douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se Sheck v\u00a0pomysln\u00e9m jesky\u0148\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m nebi, nebo v\u00a0hloubk\u00e1ch Zacatonu nebude zlobit, kdy\u017e o n\u011bm nap\u00ed\u0161i ve v\u0161\u00ed \u00fact\u011b, kterou k\u00a0n\u011bmu chov\u00e1m, i kdy\u017e jsem jej osobn\u011b neznal.<\/p>\n
Tak jako u mnoha jin\u00fdch, sta\u010d\u00ed mal\u00fd okam\u017eik a po zbytek \u017eivota m\u00e1te o z\u00e1bavu postar\u00e1no. U Shecka to byl skautsk\u00fd v\u00fdlet do floridsk\u00e9ho Silver Springu v\u00a0roce 1959. Sheck vybaven pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dskou maskou za p\u00e1r \u0161up\u016f byl naprosto fascinov\u00e1n k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lovou vodou. Jeden ze sta\u0161\u00edch skaut\u016f se um\u011bl zano\u0159it do hloubky a po vyno\u0159en\u00ed na hladinu nad\u0161en\u011b zvolal: „Dole je jeskyn\u011b“.<\/p>\n
Sheck byl zmaten\u00fd \u2013 \u201eZatopen\u00e1 jeskyn\u011b na Florid\u011b kde nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 hory?? Nemo\u017en\u00e9, a odkud je ta voda???\u201c Zeptal se star\u0161\u00edho skauta, kter\u00fd zat\u00edm popadl dech. \u201e Ze sk\u00e1ly\u201c, zn\u011bla neuspokojiv\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f. \u201eAle odkud se bere???\u201c A star\u0161\u00ed skaut s\u00a0pohledem pln\u00fdm opovr\u017een\u00ed \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eSk\u00e1la se rozpou\u0161t\u00ed, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b\u2026.\u201c<\/p>\n
Jeho prvn\u00ed ponory byly v\u00a0otev\u0159en\u00e9 vod\u011b v\u00a0oblasti Crystal River pod veden\u00edm YMCA instruktora (Young Men’s Christian Association) Kena Brocka jednoho de\u0161tiv\u00e9ho \u00fanorov\u00e9ho dne roku 1966. Prvn\u00ed buddy, se kter\u00fdm toho n\u00e1sledn\u011b za\u017eil spoustu v\u00a0jeskyn\u00edch,byl Joe Prosser. Dle sd\u011blen\u00ed ostatn\u00edch byl Sheck p\u0159\u00edtelem \u010din\u016f a ne velk\u00fdch slov. Podle Shecka byl Joe v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed introvert, tak\u017ee b\u011bhem dne mezi nimi nepadlo ani slovo, to musela b\u00fdt opravdu velk\u00e1 sranda.Nicm\u00e9n\u011b b\u011bhem sestupu se rozd\u011blili a Sheck spat\u0159il na dn\u011b vstup do jeskynn\u00edho v\u00fdv\u011bru. Vplul na po\u010d\u00e1tek \u201etwilight zone\u201c \u2013 oblasti \u0161era, kter\u00e1 pokra\u010duje pak tmavou chodbou do nitra zem\u011b. Prvn\u00ed my\u0161lenky se za\u010daly honit hlavou \u2013 kam chodba pokra\u010duje, jak je hlubok\u00e1, jsou tam velk\u00e9 prostory??? atd. Z\u00a0toho byl brzy vyveden pojebem instruktora Kena, kter\u00fd jej za\u010dal postr\u00e1dat ve skupin\u011b ostatn\u00edch pozoruj\u00edc\u00edch dva p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 hraj\u00edc\u00ed si manatee. Kdy\u017e v\u0161ak vid\u011bl pozd\u011bji na lodi v\u00fdraz v\u00a0Sheckov\u00fdch o\u010d\u00edch, situace byla jasn\u00e1 \u2013 \u201eZah\u00e1kovalo t\u011b to, co!!!\u201c<\/p>\n
Joe se rozkecal, tak\u017ee za\u010dali pot\u00e1p\u011bt spolu spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0Kenem v\u00a0jeho klubu \u201eAquacks\u201c; pak hlavn\u011b sami. Prachy na benz\u00edn u\u0161et\u0159ili za ob\u011bdy na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole a VW brouk se stal hlavn\u00edm pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00fdm expedi\u010dn\u00edm vozidlem. Spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0nimi za\u010dal jezdit i Sheck\u016fv bratr Edward, p\u0159ezd\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed br\u00e1chu Shecka jm\u00e9nem Slick. P\u0159i objevov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch vstup\u016f do jeskynn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, na Florid\u011b naz\u00fdvan\u00e9ho Aquifer, \u010dasto doch\u00e1zelo k\u00a0rozep\u0159\u00edm. N\u011bkdy dojeli k\u00a0nov\u00e9 lokalit\u011b, kter\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e p\u0159ipom\u00ednala \u017eumpu, ne\u017e jez\u00edrko s\u00a0k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lovou vodou. Pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0jeskyn\u00edch v\u011bnovali ve\u0161ker\u00fd voln\u00fd \u010das, prov\u00e1d\u011bli n\u011bkolik opakovan\u00fdch ponor\u016f b\u011bhem voln\u00fdch dn\u00ed ,kde se dalo \u2013 Running Springs, Jugg Hole, Peacock, Orange Grove, Ginnie, Little River\u2026 V polovin\u011b 60. let byly tyto lokality v\u00a0divo\u010din\u011b, p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 cesty nic moc. P\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00ed hloubky, d\u00e9lky pr\u016fnik\u016f a nov\u011b nastupuj\u00edc\u00ed probl\u00e9m s dekompresn\u00edmi procedurami. Spolu s\u00a0t\u00edm p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed i technick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my a jejich \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u2013 spolehlivost sv\u011btel, tepeln\u00e1 izolace v\u00a0mokr\u00e9m obleku a s\u00a0t\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00ed kompenzace vztlaku s\u00a0hloubkou\u2026<\/p>\n
Sheck za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 studovat matematiku na Univerzit\u011b v\u00a0Georgii, kde zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 s\u00a0p\u00e1r kamar\u00e1dy Dixie Cavern Kings \u00d0 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00fd klub zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na jeskynn\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, podobn\u011b jako Descenders v\u00a0Georgii, \u010di Cave Dwellers na Florid\u011b.<\/p>\n
Sv\u00e9 po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti shrne do prvn\u00edho manu\u00e1lu \u201eDixie Cavern Kings Cave Diving Manual\u201c Po n\u00e1vratu na Floridu, kde od roku 1969 funguje opravdov\u00e1 speleopot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00e1 organizace NACD, pokra\u010duje d\u00e1le v\u00a0pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed s\u00a0Joem Prosserem a Carlem Fowlerem. Krom\u011b objevov\u00e1n\u00ed nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch chodeb je dal\u0161\u00edm hnac\u00edm motivem maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00e1 hloubka \u2013 jak v\u00a0jeskyni, tak i na otev\u0159en\u00e9 vod\u011b. Pro hloubkov\u00e9 sestupy hledal nov\u00e9ho par\u0165\u00e1ka, ale proto\u017ee zas tak dob\u0159e neznal nikoho ze sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dky \u2013 Harper, Mount, Watts, Martz., tak se Sheck vydal s\u00e1m dne 11.5. 1969 k\u00a0Eagle \u00b4s Nest a dosahuje hloubky 292 stop \u2013 89m s\u00a0d\u00e9lkou pr\u016fniku 700 stop \u2013 213m. Dole na\u0161el odlo\u017eenou c\u00edvku Franka Martze, kter\u00fd v\u0161ak po t\u00e9 p\u0159i prvn\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed nazval Shecka lh\u00e1\u0159em, pokud tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee byl v\u00a0Nest tak hluboko. Posl\u00e9ze se pravda uk\u00e1zala, Frank vzal Shecka na milost a skamar\u00e1dili se. Sheck se pomalu vypracov\u00e1v\u00e1 k\u00a0absolutn\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dce a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 m\u011bnit spoustu v\u011bc\u00ed. P\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed s\u00a0T\u0159etinov\u00fdm pravidlem pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed spot\u0159eby, po\u010d\u00e1tkem 70. let za\u010dne pou\u017e\u00edvat dlouhou hadici k\u00a0prim\u00e1rn\u00edmu regul\u00e1toru. Protahuje d\u00e9lky pr\u016fnik\u016f, maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubky (v\u00a0roce 1971 dos\u00e1hl se vzduchem na otev\u0159en\u00e9 vod\u011b hloubky 465 stop – 142m a jako prvn\u00ed flori\u010fan m\u00e1 na sv\u00e9m kont\u011b 1000 ponor\u016f v\u00a0jeskyn\u00edch, za kter\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 jako prvn\u00ed cenu Abe Davis Safe Cave Diving Award. Dal\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e1 technika z\u00a0jeho d\u00edlny je pou\u017eit\u00ed postupov\u00fdch lahv\u00ed (stage) k\u00a0prodlou\u017een\u00ed d\u00e9lky pr\u016fnik\u016f. Spolupod\u00edl\u00ed se d\u00e1le na manu\u00e1lu Safe Cave Diving, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159il Tom Mount.<\/p>\n
Sheck Exley a Frank Martz s\u00a0Bobem Friedmanem vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed prvn\u00ed mapy zatopen\u00fdch jeskyn\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed azimut\u016f, d\u00e9lek, hloubek atd. a o rok pozd\u011bji p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed prvn\u00ed manu\u00e1l – Mapping Underwater caves. St\u00e1v\u00e1 se z\u00a0n\u011bj uzn\u00e1van\u00fd speleopot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d, za kter\u00fdm chod\u00ed pro rady \u0161irok\u00e1 komunita floridsk\u00fdch jeskynn\u00edch pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f. Po zalo\u017een\u00ed CDS (Cave Diving Section) v\u00a0roce 1974 \u2013 speleopot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00e9 odno\u017ee NSS (National Speleological Society) se Sheck st\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm \u0159editelem. V\u00a0roce 1979 vych\u00e1z\u00ed Sheckova u\u010debnice Basic Cave Diving \u2013 Blueprint for survival, kde velmi p\u0159ehledn\u011b prob\u00edr\u00e1 z\u00e1klady bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. D\u00e9lky pr\u016fnik\u016f zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 pomoc\u00ed nov\u00e9 metody \u2013 odkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed postupov\u00fdch lahv\u00ed a pomoc\u00ed nov\u00e9 koncepce DPV sk\u016ftr\u016f. Takto prodlu\u017euje explorace m\u00edlov\u00fdmi kroky \u2013 pr\u016fnik v Manatee Springs v\u00a0roce 1981 s\u00a0Billem Hogarthem Mainem a posl\u00e9ze s Clarkem Pitcairnem dos\u00e1hli touto metodou d\u00e9lky explorace 7667 stop (2337m) v pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hloubce 26m. Techniku odlo\u017een\u00fdch postupov\u00fdch lahv\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i v\u00a0Tunnel de la Atlantida na ostrov\u011b Lanzarote. V\u00a0roce 1983 dos\u00e1hli spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0Kenem Fulghumem pr\u016fniku 4521 stop -1378m s\u00a0maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubkou 158 stop – 48m. Jeho chladnokrevnost a excelentn\u00ed spot\u0159eba zachr\u00e1n\u00ed jemu a Kenu \u017eivot p\u0159i n\u00e1vratu. Ken p\u0159i\u0161el o \u010d\u00e1st z\u00e1soby vzduchu d\u00edky selh\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00edho stupn\u011b regul\u00e1toru. N\u00e1vrat k\u00a0postupov\u00fdm lahv\u00edm byl na posledn\u00ed n\u00e1dech z\u00a0lahv\u00ed na z\u00e1dech. Po\u010d\u00e1tkem 80. let jede Sheck do Evropy za Jochenem Hasenmayerem konzultovat dekompresn\u00ed procedury pro hlubok\u00e9 ponory s\u00a0kr\u00e1tk\u00fdmi \u010dasy na dn\u011b.<\/p>\n
Sm\u011bsov\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je v\u00a0plenk\u00e1ch a Jochen Hasenmayer je o notn\u00fd kus pop\u0159edu. V\u00fdvoj ukazuje, \u017ee hloubky pod 100m lze bezpe\u010dn\u011b pot\u00e1p\u011bt pouze s\u00a0um\u011bl\u00fdmi sm\u011bsemi s\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm narkotick\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lem ne\u017e je vzduch. Profesn\u011b je u\u010ditelem algebry na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole Suwannee High School v\u00a0Live Oak na Florid\u011b. Proto\u017ee mu nejsou \u010d\u00edsla ciz\u00ed, pozd\u011bji p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed s\u00a0vlastn\u00edm v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edm programem pro stanoven\u00ed dekomprese \u2013 Doktor X, kter\u00fd se ve v\u00fdpo\u010dtu op\u00edr\u00e1 tak\u00e9 o statistick\u00e1 data p\u0159edchoz\u00edch ponor\u016f. Od mali\u010dka jej hloubky p\u0159itahovaly \u2013 nejen v\u00a0jeskyn\u00edch, ale i ve voln\u00e9 vod\u011b. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b hloubkov\u00e9 sestupy sm\u011b\u0159uje k\u00a0objev\u016fm zatopen\u00fdch jeskynn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f \u2013 zejm\u00e9na Bottomless Holes (bezedn\u00fdch d\u011br). Ty, kter\u00e9 by jej uspokojily, v\u0161ak mus\u00ed hledat v\u00a0cizin\u011b. DiePolder No. 2 kon\u010d\u00ed v\u00a0hloubce 360stop \u2013\u00a0110m, Mystery Sink je po nehod\u00e1ch z\u00a0roku 1970 uzav\u0159ena. Po nehod\u011b v\u00a0Morrison Spring v\u00a0roce 1968, kdy po \u00famrt\u00ed nezku\u0161en\u00e9ho pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de, kter\u00fd nemohl b\u00fdt vyta\u017een p\u0159es restrikci ven, na\u0159\u00eddil m\u00edstn\u00ed \u0161erif odst\u0159el horniny. Tento \u010din nejen\u017ee nepomohl roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it z\u00fa\u017een\u00e9 m\u00edsto, ale naopak vedl k\u00a0sesuvu horniny a zablokov\u00e1n\u00ed jeskyn\u011b. Takto se uzav\u0159ela dal\u0161\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u011b hlubok\u00e1 jeskyn\u011b. Tak\u017ee n\u011bco hlub\u0161\u00edho, ne\u017e je 120m se na Florid\u011b nenab\u00edz\u00ed a proto Sheck odj\u00ed\u017e\u00ed do Mexika \u2013 v\u00a0oblasti Tamaulipas na severov\u00fdchod\u011b se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Nacimiento del Rio Mante.<\/p>\n
V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu let 1987 -1989 zde postupn\u011b p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 hloubky 520 stop – 159m a\u017e 867 \/883 stop \u2013 264\/269m. Posledn\u00ed hloubka m\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00fd \u00fadaj d\u00edky \u00fahlu sestupov\u00e9ho lana. Dekopresn\u00ed profily ladil spole\u010dn\u011b s Dr. Billem Hamiltonem. Postupn\u011b se musel prokous\u00e1vat tak\u00e9 technick\u00fdmi aspekty hloubkov\u00fdch sestup\u016f – vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed svou specifickou konfiguraci 5 lahvov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstroje se specifick\u00fdm k\u0159\u00eddlem od Dive Rite. Dal\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m je tlakov\u00e1 odolnost sv\u00edtilen – prim\u00e1rn\u00ed sv\u011btlo od Lamara Englishe je\u0161t\u011b tun\u00ed zaplaven\u00edm destilovanou vodou, stejn\u011b jako manometry. V\u00fdb\u011br vhodn\u00e9ho regul\u00e1toru padne na Poseidon Maximum \u2013 nov\u011b u n\u00e1s zvan\u00fd jako Jetstream, na americk\u00e9m trhu jako Odin.<\/p>\n
Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je v\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u010dasom\u00edry. Zat\u00edmco m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed hloubky \u0159e\u0161\u00ed zna\u010denou \u0161\u0148\u016frou, m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u010dasu sv\u011b\u0159uje digit\u00e1ln\u00edm hodink\u00e1m Casio za 29 babek. A ty vydr\u017eely. P\u0159i jednom sestupu hodinky ztratil a tak dekompresn\u00ed zast\u00e1vky odpo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1val \u2013 nap\u0159. 900x sekundu p\u0159i 15min zast\u00e1vce v\u00a0hloubce 24m. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to zast\u00e1vky jej p\u0159ijela zkontrolovat jeho p\u0159\u00edtelkyn\u011b Mary Ellen. V\u00edce ne\u017e jej\u00ed polibek Sheck ocenil z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed hodinky, kter\u00e9 mu p\u0159ivezla z\u00a0jeho deko l\u00e1hve v\u00a0m\u011bl\u010d\u00ed hloubce. D\u00e1le vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pravidla hydratace p\u0159ed a b\u011bhem pobytu ve vod\u011b u takto extr\u00e9mn\u00edch sestup\u016f. Za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed dekompresn\u00edch profil\u016f r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky DCS (dekompresn\u00ed nemoci) a posl\u00e9ze i HPNS (nervov\u00fd syndrom vysok\u00e9ho tlaku. Dne 18.3. 1989 dosahuje Sheck v\u00a0Mante hloubky 883 stop – 269m, co\u017e je nejhlub\u0161\u00ed sestup sv\u00e9 doby. Svou prvn\u00ed dekompresn\u00ed zast\u00e1vku z\u00a0celkov\u00fdch 54 p\u0159i tomto sestupu za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 hloub\u011bji, ne\u017e se kdy dostal jak\u00fdkoliv jin\u00fd pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d, krom\u011b Jochena Hasenmayera a to v\u00a0hloubce 500 stop -152m. Celkov\u00e1 doba sestupu je 14 hodin.<\/p>\n
Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 3 druhy Trimix\u016f s\u00a0obsahem kysl\u00edku 7, 10, 12 %. Obsah Helia kol\u00eds\u00e1 okolo 30%, END po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 na 80m, z\u00a0\u010deho\u017e dnes vst\u00e1vaj\u00ed vlasy hr\u016fzou na hlav\u011b. Sheck je v\u0161ak z\u00a0generace, kter\u00e1 d\u011blala 100m ponory v\u00a0jeskyn\u00edch se vzduchem a celkem p\u0159esn\u011b v\u00a0t\u011bchto hloubk\u00e1ch mapovala. Na dekompresi krom\u011b vzduchu pou\u017e\u00edval Nitrox 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 a \u010dist\u00fd kysl\u00edk. Rok 1989 je velmi \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd i v\u00a0d\u00e9lk\u00e1ch objeven\u00fdch chodeb.<\/p>\n
Sheck 28.1. prov\u00e1d\u00ed s\u00f3lo ponor v Chip’s Hole Cave System na vzd\u00e1lenost 10,444 stop \u2013\u00a03,183m od nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edho vzduchov\u00e9ho prostoru, co\u017e je ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b rekord co do vzd\u00e1lenosti. Dal\u0161\u00edm rekordem je dne 12.12.1990 Sheckova explorace v\u00a0d\u00e9lce 10,939 stop – 3334m v Cathedral Canyon. 10. srpna1993 Sheck Exley sestupuje na dno jihoafrick\u00e9ho Bushmansgatu \u2013 do hloubky 863 stop – 263m. V\u00a0Bushmansgatu byl na dn\u011b, v\u00a0Mante nejsou nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky – prom\u011bnliv\u00fd a \u010dasto siln\u00fd proud, \u0161ikm\u00fd profil atd. jej op\u011bt dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do situace kdy hled\u00e1 novou lokalitu.<\/p>\n
Na z\u00e1v\u011br sv\u00e9 kari\u00e9ry chce \u201ekulat\u00fd \u010d\u00eds\u00edlko“. Seznamuje se s\u00a0texask\u00fdm speleologem Jimem Bowdenem, kter\u00fd mu prozrad\u00ed sladk\u00e9 tajemstv\u00ed \u2013\u00a0v\u00ed o jedn\u00e9 bezedn\u00e9 lokalit\u011b v\u00a0Mexiku, kde je tutov\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e 1000 stop \u2013 305m. Jej\u00ed jm\u00e9no je Zacat\u00f3n \u2013 Xacat\u00fan. Sheck toto ov\u011b\u0159uje nejd\u0159\u00edve sestupem do 400 stop – 122m se vzduchem, pak spole\u010dn\u011b spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed olovnici. Sheck sestoup\u00ed do 705 stop – 215m, Bowden do 492stop – 150m. Domlouvaj\u00ed se na spole\u010dn\u00e9m ponoru do 1000 stop – 305m.<\/p>\n
Jim Bowden s\u00a0partnerkou Dr. Ann Kristovich n\u00e1sledn\u011b studuj\u00ed problematiku hloubkov\u00fdch sestup\u016f. V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed provedou sestup \u2013 Ann do 541 stop-165m, t\u00edm vytvo\u0159\u00ed nejhlub\u0161\u00ed \u017eensk\u00fd rekord a Jim do 725 stop \u2013\u00a0221m. Jim v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm sestupu prod\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u011b\u017ekou DCS a Ann lad\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu jak na povrchu, tak i n\u00e1hradn\u00ed rekompresi ve vod\u011b po stabilizaci stavu. Nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed komora je toti\u017e v Texasu co\u017e je asi 8 hodin j\u00edzdy. 6. 4. 1994 sestupuje dvojice pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f Sheck Exley a Jim Bowden, ka\u017ed\u00fd na sv\u00e9m sestupov\u00e9m lan\u011b se sm\u011bs\u00ed Tx 6\/30 do pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 hloubky 1000 stop \u2013\u00a0305m.<\/p>\n
Podp\u016frn\u00fd t\u00fdm tvo\u0159\u00ed pouze Ann Kristovich, Karen Hohle a Mary Ellen Eckhoff. Jim Bowden se adaptuje na nastupuj\u00edc\u00ed HPNS v\u00a0hloubk\u00e1ch mezi 750 \u2013\u00a0800stop \/ 228 \u2013\u00a0243m. Spot\u0159eba je v\u0161ak vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e je pl\u00e1n. Bowden se sna\u017e\u00ed zastavit rychl\u00fd sestup, ale BCD kompenz\u00e1tor se neda\u0159\u00ed dofouknout tak rychle, jak by pot\u0159eboval. Zastavuje se v\u00a0hloubce 905ft \/ 276m a zahajuje v\u00fdstup. Podp\u016frn\u00fd t\u00fdm naho\u0159e v\u0161ak z\u00e1hy vid\u00ed pouze jedny bubliny a za chv\u00edli se ukazuje krut\u00e1 pravda \u2013 P\u0159i\u0161li jsme o Shecka signalizuje Ann. Za t\u0159i dny p\u0159i odstrojov\u00e1n\u00ed sestupov\u00e9ho lana se na hladin\u011b objevuje Sheckovo t\u011blo s\u00a0lanem omotan\u00fdm okolo pa\u017ee.<\/p>\n
Existuje n\u011bkolik hypot\u00e9z, pro\u010d Sheck utonul \u2013 od akcentace HPNS a\u017e po technickou z\u00e1vadu a \u00fanik plynu v\u00a0hloubce. Ode\u0161el b\u016fh, takto to vn\u00edmal cel\u00fd jesky\u0148\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd sv\u011bt. Dosud se neobjevil nikdo, kdo by vystoupil k\u00a0Sheckovi na jeho tr\u016fn. Ode\u0161el ve sv\u00fdch 45 letech, ze kter\u00fdch str\u00e1vil pod vodou necel\u00fdch 30. Str\u00e1vil jej v\u0161ak objevov\u00e1n\u00edm nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho v\u00a0hlubin\u00e1ch zem\u011b, posouv\u00e1n\u00edm limit\u016f po v\u0161ech str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch od dosa\u017een\u00fdch hloubek se vzduchem a sm\u011bsemi, uplavan\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti, dosa\u017een\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti za pomoci sk\u016ftr\u016f.\u00a0Svou cestu ukon\u010dil v\u00a0m\u00edstech, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed CAVERNS MEASURELESS TO MAN \u2013 JESKYNN\u00cd PR\u016eRVY Z\u00c1VRATN\u00c9, v\u00a0m\u00edstech kter\u00e9 m\u011bl r\u00e1d nadev\u0161e p\u0159i objevov\u00e1n\u00ed nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n
Za toto v\u0161e mu jist\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed post nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0pomysln\u00e9m jesky\u0148\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m nebi.<\/p>\n
P.S. Sheck provedlo mnoho tis\u00edc ponor\u016f a celkem se pot\u00e1p\u011bl se 460 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00fdmi partnery. Pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u0161t\u00ed kamar\u00e1di, se kter\u00fdmi nepot\u00e1p\u011bl spole\u010dn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e 90 ponor\u016f byli postupn\u011b: Joe Prosser, Carl Fowler, Court Smith, Dana Turner, Lewis Holtzendorff, Paul DeLoach, John Zumrick a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jeho p\u0159\u00edtelkyn\u011b Marie Ellen Eckhoff.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
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MUDr. David Skoumal \u2013\u00a0 ASTD Training Director Sheck Irby Exley Narozen 1. 4. 1949 \u2013 Zahynul 6. 4. 1994 v Zacatonu (Mexiko). „V Xanadu si Kublaj Ch\u00e1n klenut\u00fd pal\u00e1c usmyslel.\u00a0Kde Alf, tok \u0159eky posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 p\u0159es jeskynn\u00ed pr\u016frvy\u00a0z\u00e1vratn\u00e9 k temn\u00e9mu mo\u0159i sp\u011bl“. Touto citac\u00ed Samuela Taylora Coleridge za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 kultovn\u00ed kniha Shecka Exleyho \u201e Caverns Measureless […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4393,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zname-osobnosti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4392"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4392\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4392"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4392"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}