{"id":4423,"date":"2016-05-08T16:01:23","date_gmt":"2016-05-08T15:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/?p=4423"},"modified":"2016-05-08T16:01:23","modified_gmt":"2016-05-08T15:01:23","slug":"florida-iii-dil-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/florida-iii-dil-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Florida III – d\u00edl 3."},"content":{"rendered":"

MUDr. David Skoumal \u2013\u00a0 ASTD Training Director<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Florida \u2013 Historie jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0USA\u00a0 <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1st t\u0159et\u00ed 1995 \u2013 2010<\/strong><\/p>\n


\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Projekt WKPP <\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fdm WKPP stav\u00ed sv\u016fj program na unifikaci ve\u0161ker\u00e9 sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, od shodn\u00e9ho v\u00fdb\u011bru a\u00a0 konfigurace v\u00fdstroje po\u010d\u00ednaje,p\u0159es velikost t\u00fdmu, pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed spot\u0159eby atd.a\u017e po standartizovan\u00e9 plyny a dekompresn\u00ed procedury. D\u016frazn\u011b se db\u00e1 na bezpe\u010dnostnost. D\u00edky tomu se da\u0159\u00ed minimalizovat nehodovost p\u0159i pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. Jednotn\u00e1 filozofie, zav\u00e1n\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed v\u0161ak n\u011bkdy a\u017e vojensk\u00fdm drilem a kontraverzn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed George Irvina vedou ob\u010das k\u00a0nevra\u017eivosti v\u00a0komunit\u011b ostatn\u00edch floridsk\u00fdch jeskynn\u00edch pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f. T\u00fdm WKPP se v\u0161ak st\u00e1v\u00e1 velmi \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm i ve sv\u011btov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku a da\u0159\u00ed se protahovat explorace v\u00a0mnoha lokalit\u00e1ch Woodville Karst Plain.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. dubna 1996 t\u00fdm ve slo\u017een\u00ed George Irvine,Jarrod Jablonski a Brent Scarabin \u2013 ka\u017ed\u00fd se 6 stage lahvemi a dv\u011bma sk\u016ftry dosahuj\u00ed ve Wakulla Springs v\u00a0tunelu \u201eO\u201c d\u00e9lky pr\u016fniku 3040m, s\u00a0\u010dasem na dn\u011b 155 minut v\u00a0hloubk\u00e1ch 80-90m a 8,5 hodinovou dekompres\u00ed.Dal\u0161\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00fd ponor je pr\u016fnik dvojice Brent Scarabin a Rick Sankey v\u00a0Chips Hole, dvojice p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 3165 stop-965m nov\u00e9 \u0161\u0148\u016fry ke konci Sheckovy \u0161\u0148\u016fry z\u00a0legend\u00e1rn\u00edho sestupu v\u00a0roce 1989 a dosahuje celkov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky pr\u016fniku 14104 stop \u2013 4299m.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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    Na p\u0159elomu let 96-97 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed v\u00a0t\u00fdmu WKPP pou\u017e\u00edvat nov\u00fd model pasivn\u00edho SCR rebreatheru<\/p>\n

    -(p\u0159\u00edstroje s\u00a0polouzav\u0159en\u00fdm okruhem s\u00a0pasivn\u00ed dod\u00e1vkou vzdu\u0161niny)<\/p>\n

    Halcyon PVR-BASC<\/strong> (Passive Variable Ratio Biased Gas Additive Semi Closed Circuit Rebreather) z\u00a0d\u00edlny Roberta Carmichaela a Jacka Kellona, kter\u00fd se uk\u00e1\u017ee z\u00e1hy velmi \u017eivotaschopn\u00fdm. D\u00edky tomuto pSCR se da\u0159\u00ed d\u00e1le prodlu\u017eovat explorace- nap\u0159. Irvine, Jablonski a Scarabin vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed 24.7.1998 nov\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd rekord\u00a0 ve Wakulla Springs v \u201eO\u201c tunelu d\u00e9lkou 18,000 stop- 5,486 m a v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hloubce 285stop (87m-94m )str\u00e1vili p\u0159es 6 hodin,\u00a0 d\u00e9lka dekomprese byla okolo15 hodin.<\/p>\n

    Koncem 90.let zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 Jarrod Jablonski novou v\u00fdcvikovou organizaci \u00a0GUE<\/strong> Global Underwater Explorers<\/strong> s\u00a0c\u00edlem zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdcviku jeskynn\u00edch pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f.P\u0159i jeskynn\u00edch pr\u016fzkumech \u010dlenov\u00e9 GUE posunuli kup\u0159edu celou sou\u010dasnou dekompresn\u00ed strategii a empiricky ji ov\u011b\u0159ili.<\/p>\n

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    Wakulla 2<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Na p\u0159elomu 1998 a 1999 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 dlouho p\u0159ipravovan\u00fd projekt Wakulla 2 ,pod z\u00e1\u0161titou National Geographic. Pro mapov\u00e1n\u00ed byly pou\u017eity krom\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho Digital Wall Mapperu d\u00e1le radiomaj\u00e1ky a bylo prov\u00e1d\u011bno detailn\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f z\u00a0povrchu.Akce se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo p\u0159es 150 dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f a trvala p\u0159es 3 m\u011bs\u00edce. Pro komfort a bezpe\u010dnost pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f byla nachyst\u00e1na na m\u00edst\u011b dekompresn\u00ed komora a transportn\u00ed zvon -syst\u00e9m Subcom\/Decom. Zmapov\u00e1no bylo 42000 stop chodeb \u2013 12,8km.<\/p>\n

    P\u0159i tomto projektu byly s\u00a0\u00fasp\u011bchem pou\u017eity eCCR Cis Lunar Mk 5-P. B\u011bhem akce Jill Heinerth a Brian Kakuk\u00a0 provedli 21 hodinov\u00fd ponor.V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Jill to byl dosud nejdel\u0161\u00ed pobyt \u017eeny pod vodou.<\/p>\n

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    RB 80<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Po\u010d\u00e1tkem nov\u00e9ho mil\u00e9nia vyvinul n\u011bmeck\u00fd zuba\u0159 Reinhard Buchaly nov\u00fd design pasivn\u00edho SCR, kter\u00fd nazval RB-80<\/strong>. N\u00e1zev RB m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt r<\/strong>eb<\/strong>reather , \u010di inici\u00e1ly Reinharda Buchalyho a 80 je velikost l\u00e1hve S80. Tento nov\u00fd model rebreatheru je zlomov\u00fd, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 jej vyr\u00e1b\u011bt firma Halcyon a v\u0161ichni pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di WKPP na n\u011bj p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed. Koncepce je velmi zda\u0159il\u00e1 a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hlavn\u011b p\u0159i ponorech v\u00a0konstatn\u00ed hloubce \u2013 p\u0159i explorac\u00edch v\u00a0horizont\u00e1ln\u00edch tunelech \u2013 jako na Florid\u011b ve Wakulla Springs ,tak pozd\u011bji evropskou skupinou EKPP European Karst Plain Project v\u00a0evropsk\u00fdch jeskyn\u00edch, jako nap\u0159.v\u00a0Doux de Coly ve Francii.<\/p>\n

    Ve sv\u011bt\u011b je mnoho klon\u016f tohoto modelu a v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je to nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed model pasivn\u00edho SCR.<\/p>\n

    Po roce 2000 t\u00fdm WKPP protahuje d\u00e9lky explorac\u00ed a propojuje jeskyn\u011b ve\u00a0Woodville Karst.<\/p>\n

    T\u00fdm WKPP a evropsk\u00fd EKPP jsou nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi explora\u010dn\u00edmi t\u00fdmy nov\u00e9ho mil\u00e9nia, kter\u00e9 nav\u00e1zaly na \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 s\u00f3lo projekty minulosti, nicm\u00e9n\u011b uk\u00e1zaly ,\u017ee dobr\u00e1 t\u00fdmov\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce je daleko efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed,ne\u017e s\u00f3lo ponor sebelep\u0161\u00edho jedince,kter\u00fdch ve sv\u011bt\u011b zase tolik nebylo.<\/p>\n

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    Weeki Wachee<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm projektem je Karst Underwater Research a pr\u016fzkum ve Weeki Wachee Springs.T\u00fdm ,ve kter\u00e9m je Brett Hamphill, Paul Heinerth a spol. pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mCCR p\u0159\u00edstroje KISS,prov\u00e1d\u00ed sestupy do\u00a0hloubky a\u017e 403 stop -123m a pr\u016fnik zde natahuje do vzd\u00e1lenosti 6000 stop \u2013 1828m. Tyto sestupy pat\u0159\u00ed d\u00edky siln\u00e9mu proudu ve vstupn\u00ed vertik\u00e1le a s\u00a0t\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dnou dekompres\u00ed k\u00a0velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdm.Pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d se b\u011bhem dlouh\u00e9 dekomprese mus\u00ed dr\u017eet smy\u010dek horolezeck\u00e9ho lana a b\u00fdt za\u0161prajcovan\u00fd v\u00a0\u00fazk\u00e9m tunelu, co to d\u00e1. Proud je tak siln\u00fd, \u017ee vymet\u00e1 velk\u00e9 kusy hornin.Pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0t\u00e9to lokalit\u011b je d\u00edky s\u00edle proudu mo\u017en\u00e9 pouze p\u00e1rkr\u00e1t do roka. Dosa\u017een\u00e9 explorace v\u00a0hloubce 120m sestupy ve Weeki Wachee se stav\u00ed na \u0161pi\u010dku sou\u010dasn\u00e9 n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti ponor\u016f .<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Z\u00e1v\u011brem \u0161estid\u00edln\u00e9ho pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed o historii jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na Florid\u011b n\u00e1m dovolte vyj\u00e1d\u0159it my\u0161lenku, \u017ee d\u00edky spolupr\u00e1ce americk\u00e9 komunity jeskynn\u00edch pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f, ponejv\u00edce floridsk\u00fdch, se pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed posunulo o velk\u00fd krok kup\u0159edu a v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b neexistuje nic lep\u0161\u00edho, bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho, efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pro jak\u00e9koliv pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed s\u00a0otev\u0159en\u00fdm okruhem, ne\u017e je to, co se vytv\u00e1\u0159elo na Florid\u011b od po\u010d\u00e1tku 70.let. Chv\u00e1labohu jsou ve sv\u011bt\u011b instrukto\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed si osvojili danou technologii a problematiku a u\u010d\u00ed dle t\u011bchto ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch poznatk\u016f v\u0161echny z\u00e1jemce o pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed prakticky od prvn\u00edch kurz\u016f OWD.<\/p>\n

    Jsme r\u00e1di, \u017ee jsme mohli lehce odhrnout historickou oponou a opravdu uvid\u011bt, \u017ee to, co b\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u0159i pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed dnes pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me, se vyvinulo a odzkou\u0161elo dlouhou dobou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u016f\u017eeme d\u011bkovat jen a jen jeskynn\u00edm pr\u016fkopn\u00edk\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdvoj tla\u010dili kup\u0159edu. Bohu\u017eel jich p\u0159i\u0161lo mnoho o \u017eivot p\u0159i t\u00e9to cest\u011b pozn\u00e1n\u00ed\u2026<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    MUDr. David Skoumal \u2013\u00a0 ASTD Training Director   Florida \u2013 Historie jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0USA\u00a0 \u010c\u00e1st t\u0159et\u00ed 1995 \u2013 2010 Projekt WKPP T\u00fdm WKPP stav\u00ed sv\u016fj program na unifikaci ve\u0161ker\u00e9 sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, od shodn\u00e9ho v\u00fdb\u011bru a\u00a0 konfigurace v\u00fdstroje po\u010d\u00ednaje,p\u0159es velikost t\u00fdmu, pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed spot\u0159eby atd.a\u017e po standartizovan\u00e9 plyny a dekompresn\u00ed procedury. D\u016frazn\u011b se db\u00e1 na bezpe\u010dnostnost. D\u00edky […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4417,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4423","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jeskyne"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4423","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4423"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4423\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4423"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4423"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4423"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}