{"id":4441,"date":"2015-08-16T11:38:45","date_gmt":"2015-08-16T10:38:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/?p=4441"},"modified":"2015-08-16T11:38:45","modified_gmt":"2015-08-16T10:38:45","slug":"dordogne-doux-de-coly-francie2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/dordogne-doux-de-coly-francie2\/","title":{"rendered":"Dordogne – Doux de Coly – Francie"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

MUDr. David Skoumal \u2013\u00a0 ASTD Training Director<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Po stop\u00e1ch objev\u016f evropsk\u00fdch zatopen\u00fdch jeskynn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Francie – Dordogne – Doux de Coly<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nic nebylo ve sv\u011bt\u011b evropsk\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed tak op\u0159edeno tajemstv\u00edm, jako tato jeskyn\u011b, pova\u017eov\u00e1na v sou\u010dasnosti st\u00e1le za Everest evropsk\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Doux de Coly se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v jedn\u00e9 ze dvou nejv\u00fdznam\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed zatopen\u00fdch jeskynn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f Evropy \u2013 ve francouzsk\u00e9 Dordogne, pojmenovan\u00e9 podle \u0159eky Dordogne,kter\u00e1 zde prot\u00e9k\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Hned vedle cesty do vesnice Coly se nach\u00e1z\u00ed jez\u00edrko s velmi \u010distou vodou, do kter\u00e9ho vyv\u011br\u00e1 jeskynn\u00ed syst\u00e9m Doux de Coly. Vedle jez\u00edrka se nach\u00e1z\u00ed d\u016fm postaven\u00fd z kamene, jak je v m\u00edstn\u00edm kraji zvykem, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee m\u00edstn\u00ed architektura se od dob mu\u0161ket\u00fdr\u016f p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nezm\u011bnila.Jez\u00edrko je pom\u011brn\u011b m\u011blk\u00e9, \u010dasto b\u00fdv\u00e1 velmi \u010dist\u00e9 a p\u0159i vyno\u0159en\u00ed z jeskyn\u011b vid\u00edme modr\u00e9 t\u00f3ny v protisv\u011btle, tak jako v jeskyn\u00edch Kuby \u010di Mexika. Protisv\u011btlo v ostatn\u00edch jeskyn\u00edch v t\u00e9to oblasti je sp\u00ed\u0161e lad\u011bno do zelena. Na severn\u00ed stran\u011b sm\u011brem ke svahu lze naj\u00edt na dn\u011b ploch\u00e9 su\u0165ovisko a vid\u011bt vstup do jeskynn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Historie objevov\u00e1n\u00ed v t\u00e9to lokalit\u011b za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v roce1956, kdy Dr. Dufour pronik\u00e1 v chodb\u011b do vzd\u00e1lenosti 55m a dosahuje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubky – 9m.\u00a0V roce 1969 Pierre-Jean Debras ze skupiny Groupe Sp\u00e9l\u00e9o Auvergnat sestoup\u00ed v \u0161acht\u011b do hloubky – 56m s celkovou vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed pr\u016fniku 365m.\u00a0Dal\u0161\u00ed historie objev\u016f v t\u00e9to jeskyni je \u00fazce spjata a to dlouhodob\u011b, se jm\u00e9nem jednoho z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch jeskynn\u00edch pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f sv\u011bta – \u0161v\u00fdcara Oliviera Islera<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Na tomto m\u00edst\u011b bych velmi r\u00e1d p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil \u00fasp\u011bchy tohoto dal\u0161\u00edho vyj\u00edme\u010dn\u00e9ho pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de.
\nNarozen v roce 1950, pot\u00e1p\u011bt se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v roce 1971 \u2013 nejd\u0159\u00edve v jezerech a od roku 1973 ve \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fdch zatopen\u00fdch jeskyn\u00edch. Olivier Isler za\u010d\u00ednal ve skupin\u011b GLPS (Groupe Lemanique de Plong\u00e9e Souterraine) zalo\u017een\u00e9 v roce 1969 Cyrillem Brandtem a Pierre Martinem. Skupina se v\u011bnovala pr\u016fzkumu a mapov\u00e1n\u00ed zatopen\u00fdch \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fdch a francouzsk\u00fdch jeskyn\u00ed. A tak jako Jochen Hasenmayer, tak i Olivier Isler prozkoum\u00e1val skoro v\u0161echny nejv\u00fdznam\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zatopen\u00e9 jeskynn\u00ed syst\u00e9my v Evrop\u011b a bl\u00edzk\u00e9m okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zde nam\u00e1tkou vzpomenu jen tyto jeho nejv\u00fdzanmn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed projekty:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Goul de la Tannerie \u2013 maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00e1 hloubka 165m v roce 1996.<\/li>\n
  • Su Cologone \u2013Sard\u00ednie ( 1992 – N\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd ponor s prom\u011bnn\u00fdm profilem, max.dosa\u017een\u00e1 hloubka 104m, nejhlub\u0161\u00ed vyv\u011bra\u010dka na Sard\u00ednii).<\/li>\n
  • Tunnel de la Atlantida \u2013 Lanzarotte Kan\u00e1rsk\u00e9 ostrovy (sestup v roce1986: nejdel\u0161\u00ed l\u00e1vov\u00fd tunel na sv\u011bt\u011b \u2013 d\u00e9lka zatopen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti je 1620m, max. hloubka 65m).<\/li>\n
  • Cogol dei Veci- It\u00e1lie (v roce 1990 pr\u016fnik do vzd\u00e1lenosti 2340m, max. hloubka 60m).<\/li>\n
  • Gourneyras (v letech 1998-99 spole\u010dn\u011b s Reinhardem Buchalym dos\u00e1hli hloubky 104m a vzd\u00e1lenosti 1150m).<\/li>\n
  • Landenouze, Ressel, St. George, Coly – Francie.<\/li>\n
  • Chaudanne Spring, Rinquelle Resurgence – \u0160v\u00fdcarsko.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Prvn\u00ed spole\u010dnou 5 denn\u00ed expedici skupina GLPS zorganizovala v roce 1981. Po \u00favodn\u00edch cca 360 metrech chodba kon\u010d\u00ed a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 kolm\u00e1 \u0161achta do hloubky 35m-42m, kter\u00e1 pokra\u010duje pozvoln\u011bji a\u017e na dno v hloubce 57m. Skupina GLPS pokra\u010dovala v pr\u016fzkumu tunelu, kter\u00fd pokra\u010duje v t\u00e9to hlubok\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti. Celkov\u00e1 dosa\u017een\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost od vstupu byla 1750 m (Claude Magnin) Jeskyn\u011b je jen jednoduch\u00e1 chodba a vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161achta, sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed krasov\u00e1 v\u00fdzdoba bohu\u017eel nen\u00ed, ale na to jsme zde ve francouzsk\u00fdch jeskyn\u00edch zvykl\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    V roce 1983 p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed 12 denn\u00ed expedici protahuj\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di skupiny GLPS vzd\u00e1lenost pr\u016fniku na 2100m (Olivier Isler) B\u011bhem 7 hodinov\u00e9ho sestupu m\u011bl Olivier horkou chvilku, kdy se mu zamotala vod\u00edc\u00ed \u0161\u0148\u016fra do vrtule sk\u016ftru. B\u011bhem expedice pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di nato\u010dili prvn\u00ed film o t\u00e9to lokalit\u011b \u2013 La Pointe.<\/p>\n

    Hned p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku Isler protahuje pr\u016fnik o dal\u0161\u00edch 1000m. Spole\u010dn\u00e1 francouzsko – \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e1 expedice je ve slo\u017een\u00ed:
    \nleader Olivier Isler a supportn\u00ed t\u00fdm,kter\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed Jean-Louis Camus, Xavier Goyet, Christian Locatelli, Jaques Romestan a Gerard Bugel z Francie, d\u00e1le Jean-Jacques Bolanz, Claude Magnin, Robert Pisu a Philippe Schneider ze \u0160v\u00fdcarska.<\/p>\n

    Tak\u017ee v t\u00e9 dob\u011b je celkov\u00e1 prozkouman\u00e1 d\u00e9lka 3100m, z toho 2700m prob\u00edh\u00e1 v hloubce mezi 50 a 60m. V\u0161echny ponory se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed s pou\u017eit\u00edm otev\u0159en\u00e9ho okruhu, po\u010det lahv\u00ed na z\u00e1dech nar\u016fst\u00e1 p\u0159ed o\u010dima. B\u011b\u017en\u00e1 je konfigurace 4x20lt\/250bar na z\u00e1dech.Suportn\u00ed t\u00fdm rozmis\u0165uje postupov\u00e9 l\u00e1hve ve vzd\u00e1lenostech 700,1100,1500m a k tomu z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed l\u00e1hve ve vzd\u00e1lenostech 550, 900 a 1300m. K dekompresi jako jedni z prvn\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dekompresn\u00ed zvon \u2013 habitat. K pohybu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Olivier osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdch sk\u016ftr\u016f Aquazepp z d\u00edlny mnichovsk\u00e9ho konstrukt\u00e9ra Josefa Ruprechta a nakonec kon\u010d\u00ed s konfigurac\u00ed dvou sk\u016ftr\u016f 714T ,kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako prvn\u00ed v dvojmont\u00e1\u017ei vedle sebe. Sk\u016ftry jsou dlouh\u00e9 180cm a pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d le\u017e\u00ed na nich. Celkov\u00e1 doba autonomie t\u011bchto sk\u016ftr\u016f je okolo 8hodin u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u0159i zvolen\u00e9 rychlosti \u010d\u00edslo 2 \u2013 co\u017e je rychlost okolo 3,5km\/hod. Tento sestup je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za vrchol sv\u011btov\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9 doby. Co se t\u00fd\u010de d\u00e9lky pr\u016fniku, jej p\u0159ekonal a\u017e Sheck Exley v roce 1989. Bez pou\u017eit\u00ed sk\u016ftru uplaval vzd\u00e1lenost 3183m.<\/p>\n

    Od roku 1991 Isler vy\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u00e9 mo\u017enosti p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9ho okruhu a pro explorace za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat SCR polouzav\u0159en\u00fd rebreather. Technick\u00e9 inovace mu nejsou ciz\u00ed, pou\u017e\u00edval v t\u00e9 dob\u011b ji\u017e syst\u00e9m such\u00fdch rukavic, t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00fdch na kruz\u00edch.Isler inovuje syst\u00e9m mo\u010den\u00ed v such\u00e9m obleku a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 se pot\u00e1p\u011bt se ztrojen\u00fdm SCR polouzav\u0159en\u00fdm rebreatherem RI 2000,kter\u00fd zkonstruoval spole\u010dn\u011b s francouzsk\u00fdm in\u017een\u00fdrem Alanem Ronjatem.P\u0159i tr\u00e9ninku ve \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fdch jezerech dosahuje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubku 156m,co\u017e je dal\u0161\u00ed unikum p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed SCR p\u0159\u00edstroje ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b.<\/p>\n

    Isler pr\u016fzkumy v Doux de Coly zakon\u010dil v roce 1998 a dos\u00e1hl vzd\u00e1lenosti 4250 m v pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hloubce mezi 50-60m.\u00a0Sestup trval 15 h 22min, pou\u017eit\u00e9 d\u00fdchac\u00ed plyny byly Heliox 25,40,50,60,70. Dekompresn\u00ed procedury byly prov\u00e1d\u011bny dle v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f J.P.Imberta – technika Comexu, kter\u00e9ho jsme m\u011bli mo\u017enost osobn\u011b poznat na techmeetingu v roce 2007 na Slapech. J.P. p\u0159ijel na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed veden\u00ed IANTD CE .Obsahem jeho dvou p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek byly hloubkov\u00e9 projekty Hydra a sou\u010dasn\u00fd pohled na v\u00fdvoj dekompresn\u00edho modelov\u00e1n\u00ed.V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jeskynn\u00edch pr\u016fnik\u016f \u2013 Islera v Doux de Coly,Barnab\u00e9ho ve Vaucluse jsou v\u00fdpo\u010dty velmi specifick\u00e9, naprosto odli\u0161n\u00e9 od procedur ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch v satura\u010dn\u00edm pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se c\u00edlev\u011bdom\u00fdm pr\u016fzkumem t\u00e9to lokality zab\u00fdv\u00e1 skupina EKPP (European Karst Plain Project), a to od roku 2000.V roce 2001 p\u0159ekonala dvojice Michael Waldbrenner a Reinhard Buchaly vzd\u00e1lenost 5000m, 22.8.2002 vz\u00e1lenost 5675m a nakonec 6.8.2003 prot\u00e1hla pr\u016fnik a\u017e do vzd\u00e1lenosti 5880m. Sestup v\u010detn\u011b dekomprese trval 17,5 hod \u2013 od zano\u0159en\u00ed v 07.05 po vyno\u0159en\u00ed 00.35. Teplota vody v t\u00e9to lokalit\u011b je standartn\u011b okolo 13st Celsia.<\/p>\n

    Ka\u017ed\u00fd z dvojice pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f pou\u017eil 5 sk\u016ftr\u016f Gavin \u2013 vybaven\u00fdch LED a NiMH bateriemi \u2013 bail out(z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed) pl\u00e1n \u0159e\u0161il selh\u00e1n\u00ed a\u017e 3 sk\u016ftr\u016f. Dekompresn\u00ed Habitat byl um\u00edst\u011bn ji\u017e ve 27m. Pou\u017eit\u00e9 plyny Travel Trimix Tx50\/25, Bottom plyn pro dno Tx19\/65, deco \u2013 dekompresn\u00ed plyny Triox 30\/40, 35\/35 a 50\/25.\u00a0Low Oxy breaky s Tx15\/55 pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kysl\u00edkov\u00e9 toxicity a od 9m v habitatu pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di \u010dist\u00fd kysl\u00edk.<\/p>\n

    D\u00e9lka tohoto jednoho sifonu bez mo\u017enosti vyno\u0159en\u00ed jej stav\u00ed na 5. m\u00edsto na sv\u011bt\u011b (prvn\u00ed t\u0159i jsou tunelyWakulla Springs na Florid\u011b a \u010dtvrtou je Bananeiracave v Braz\u00edlii). Doux de Coly pat\u0159\u00ed st\u00e1le k vrcholn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm syst\u00e9m\u016fm zatopen\u00fdch jeskyn\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b a pr\u00e1vem je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za m\u00edsto, kde se vytv\u00e1\u0159ela historie technick\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed a je jednomysln\u011b spjata s jednou z nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch postav evropsk\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed a t\u00edm je Olivier Isler.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

     <\/p>\n

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    MUDr. David Skoumal \u2013\u00a0 ASTD Training Director   Po stop\u00e1ch objev\u016f evropsk\u00fdch zatopen\u00fdch jeskynn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f Francie – Dordogne – Doux de Coly Nic nebylo ve sv\u011bt\u011b evropsk\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed tak op\u0159edeno tajemstv\u00edm, jako tato jeskyn\u011b, pova\u017eov\u00e1na v sou\u010dasnosti st\u00e1le za Everest evropsk\u00e9ho jeskynn\u00edho pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. Doux de Coly se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v jedn\u00e9 ze dvou nejv\u00fdznam\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4289,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jeskyne"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4441"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4441\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astd.eu\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}